Temporal patterns of tissue glycogen, glucose, and glycogen phosphorylase activity prior to hibernation in freeze-tolerant chorus frogs, Pseudacris triseriata

نویسندگان

  • Steve C. Dinsmore
  • David L. Swanson
چکیده

Freezing survival may differ among winters in chorus frogs (Pseudacris triseriata (Wied-Neuwied, 1838)), and low freezing survival is associated with low hepatic glycogen stores. The pattern of prehibernation liver glycogen accumulation in chorus frogs is unknown. Frogs might accumulate hepatic glycogen stores until a threshold level sufficient for winter survival is attained, after which frogs enter hibernation (critical threshold hypothesis). According to this model, frogs active late in the season should only be those with low hepatic glycogen stores. Alternatively, hepatic glycogen levels might continue to increase throughout the fall as long as frogs remain active (continuous increase hypothesis). We tested these hypotheses by measuring liver and leg muscle glycogen, glucose, and glycogen phosphorylase activities in chorus frogs throughout the fall prehibernation period in southeastern South Dakota. Hepatic glycogen levels were significantly related to date and increased throughout the fall period, consistent with the continuous increase hypothesis. This suggests that hepatic glycogen levels do not serve as a cue for entrance into hibernation. Liver phosphorylase activity did not vary significantly with progression of the fall season and activity was lower than in winter, suggesting that the winter increment of phosphorylase activity requires some stimulus during hibernation (e.g., low temperatures). Résumé : La survie au gel peut varier d’un hiver à l’autre chez les rainettes faux-grillons (Pseudacris triseriata (WiedNeuwied, 1838)) et une faible survie au gel est associée à des réserves limitées de glycogène hépatique. La dynamique de l’accumulation du glycogène hépatique avant l’hibernation chez les rainettes faux-grillons est inconnue. Il se peut que les rainettes accumulent des réserves de glycogène hépatique jusqu’à ce qu’un seuil suffisant pour l’hiver soit atteint, après quoi les rainettes entrent en hibernation (hypothèse du seuil critique). Selon ce modèle, seules les rainettes avec une réserve faible de glycogène hépatique seraient actives à la fin de la saison. Au contraire, les concentrations de glycogène hépatique pourraient continuer à augmenter durant l’automne tant que les rainettes restent actives (hypothèse de l’accumulation continue). Nous avons testé ces hypothèses en dosant le glycogène et le glucose dans le foie et le muscle de la patte et en mesurant l’activité de la glycogène phosphorylase chez des rainettes faux-grillons pendant toute la période d’automne précédant l’hibernation dans le sud-est du Dakota du Sud. Les concentrations de glycogène hépatique sont en corrélation significative avec la date et elles augmentent durant toute la période automnale, ce qui s’accorde avec l’hypothèse de l’accumulation continue. Cela laisse croire que les concentrations de glycogène hépatique ne servent pas de signal pour l’entrée en hibernation. L’activité de la phosphorylase dans le foie ne varie pas significativement au cours de la saison d’automne et elle est plus basse qu’en hiver, ce qui indique que l’augmentation hivernale de l’activité de la phosphorylase nécessite un stimulus quelconque durant l’hibernation (par ex., des températures basses). [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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تاریخ انتشار 2008